DEFINITION OFPHYSICAL FITNESS
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| Fitness |
The term aptitude, which comes from the Latin word aptitūdo, refers to the ability or competence to carry out a task or exercise an activity. Physics, on the other hand, is a concept with various uses: in this case we are interested in its meaning as that related to the body or the body.
The idea of physical fitness is related to the organic capacity of a person for the efficient performance of an activity that involves the use of the body. Whoever has a good physical fitness manages to develop exercises in an extended manner over time without experiencing symptoms of fatigue, and then manages to recover in a short time.
Physical fitness is also related to the healthy functioning of organs. A person with an organic deficiency may not have the physical fitness necessary to perform certain activities.
It can be said that basic physical fitness is necessary for the development of non-competitive exercises, such as walking or jogging. For professional sports, on the other hand, the athlete must have optimal physical fitness since his body is subjected to great effort.
It is possible to improve physical fitness through training. By developing qualities such as muscle strength and elongation, aerobic capacity, and joint mobility, the individual improves his physical fitness and, in this way, achieves a higher performance.
It should be borne in mind that, to know the physical fitness of each and enhance it, it is necessary to consult a doctor and a physical trainer. Exercising without control is risky for health.
In certain settings, where a certain type of well-defined physical fitness is required, an assessment is necessary. For this, data such as disease risk and potential contraindications to exercise are usually taken. It is important to note that signed consent must be obtained from the person prior to testing.
Through the results of an evaluation of physical fitness, it is also possible to identify the weaknesses of the individual, and based on these data, establish a series of objectives for them to combat. For this, it is necessary to carry out specific tests, which yield well-defined values, which must be repeated throughout the improvement process to compare the performance of each session with the initial one.
Components of physical fitness
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| Body Fit |
Cardiorespiratory endurance
It is the ability of the circulatory system and the lungs to provide the muscles that we are exercising with the oxygen and nutrients they need effectively. It is possible to measure the maximum oxygen consumption, that is, the speed at which the muscles use it, to assess cardiorespiratory resistance. One of the useful tests to determine this value is called progressive effort.
Musculoskeletal fitness
It is the ability to perform work that the muscular and skeletal systems have. The three fundamental points of this component of physical fitness are bone resistance, muscle resistance, and strength.
Bodyweight and composition
These two properties of the organism are closely linked: while weight tells us about mass or body size, the composition relates this to absolute and relative amounts of adipose tissue, bone, and muscle. To modify them, resistance training and aerobic exercise are recommended.
Flexibility
It is the ability to perform fluid joint movements throughout the entire possible range. Some of the factors that limit it are the size and strength of certain connective tissues, such as ligaments and muscles, and bone structure. To increase these components of physical fitness it is ideal to stretch daily.
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